Definition
Ghost in the machine names the leftover dualism — a disembodied “I” steering the body as if from outside.
Cartesian dualism treats mind as a separate operator; embodied and predictive accounts treat cognition as integrated with body state and sensory prediction.
Mechanism
The ghost is the habit of locating control outside the body — debating only cognition while somatic signal already carries the verdict. Predictive and interoceptive models collapse the split: the “operator” is the integrated system, not a passenger. Coaching returns to signal before argument.
Applications
When members debate only cognition, return to Interoception and Inside Feedback — the signal is already in the machine.
Sources
Cite
- Ryle, G. (1949). Ryle 1949. The concept of mind. University of Chicago Press
- Barrett, L. F., & Simmons, W. K. (2015). Interoceptive predictions in the brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(7), 419–429.