Abstract
Jaenisch and colleagues summarise nuclear cloning — how epigenetic reprogramming resets the genome only partway, leaving differentiated state and viability constraints visible.
Jaenisch, R., Hochedlinger, K., & Blelloch, R. (2004). Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 69, 19–28. DOI
Key findings
- Reprogramming limits — Cloned embryos reveal incomplete erasure of somatic epigenetic marks.
- Epigenetic memory — Differentiated cells carry memory in marks — not only DNA sequence.
- Differentiation locks — Fully specialised states ** resist** naive pluripotency even after transfer.
- Clone viability — Developmental failure rates teach how much reset biology allows — caution for simple reversibility stories.
Limits
Developmental biology symposium — animal cloning context; cautious human extrapolation.
Application
When you treat early wiring as erased by one insight — epigenetic marks can constrain how fully systems reset. See Hardwired biological constraints.